| 摘要 |
<p>Compositions adapted to form coating and impregnant films comprise an aqueous dispersion of (1) at least one water-insoluble addition polymer containing units of a vinyl ester, an acrylate or methacrylate ester, or a mono- or di-ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, (2) at least one water-soluble ammonium salt of a copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising an a ,b -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and having a molecular weight such that the viscosity of a 35% by weight aqueous solution of the copolymer salt, after standing for 1 week, is 5 to 100 c.p.s. at pH 6.5-7.5 and 25 DEG C., and (3) at least one anionic or nonionic surfactant, at least one of components (1) and (2) comprising at least 1/4 %, based on the weight of the respective component, of polymerized mers containing a ureido or thioureido group. Component (1) may be a homopolymer or copolymer of a vinyl ester of a C1- 18 aliphatic carboxylic acid, an ester of (meth)acrylic acid with a C1- 18 alcohol, or an unsaturated hydrocarbon such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, styrene, vinyl toluene, a -methyl styrene, butadiene or isoprene. Copolymers of mixtures of these compounds may be used; other suitable comonomers include vinyl or vinylidene chloride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, vinyl ethers and thioethers, nitriles and amides of acrylic or methacrylic acid, and acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic, aconitic, citraconic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric and methacrylic dimer acids. Long lists of monomers, from which the (thio)-ureido mers are derived, are listed; preferred compounds contain a cyclic N,N1-ethylene-, N,N1 - methylethylene - or N,N1 - propylene - (thio)ureido group. Component (2) may be derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid as exemplified above. Suitable anionic surfactants include alkali metal and ammonium salts of fatty alcohol sulphates, sulphates or sulphonates of polyethoxy-phenols, and dialkyl sulphodicarboxylates. Suitable nonionic surfactants include polyethoxyphenols and -bisphenols, polyethoxy mercaptans, polyethoxy fatty acids, polyethoxy fatty alcohols and polyethoxy etherified or esterified polyhydroxy compounds. When used as paints, the composition may include an organic or inorganic pigment, e.g. oxides, sulphides, silicates &c. of titanium, lead, zinc, antimony, zirconium, barium, calcium and magnesium, and an extender such as calcium carbonate, whiting, talc, barytes, magnesium and aluminium silicates, diatomaceous earth, china clay, asbestine, silica or mica. Other optional ingredients include styrene polymer latices, the ammonium salt of a diisobutylene-maleamic acid imide copolymer, polymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid and salts thereof, aminoplasts or phenoplasts, polyepoxides, polyesters, alkyds, gums, starches, proteins, cellulose derivatives, glycols and polyglycols, silicones, phosphate and phthalate plasticizers, aromatic sulphonates, complex alkali metal phosphates, ethylene polyaminoacetates, waxes, oils, mineral spirits, bactericides and/or fungicides such as borax, pentachlorophenols and mercury compounds including phenyl mercurial compounds, drying oils, sodium benzoate, dichromate or nitrite, guanyl urea phosphate and aldehydes. Coatings of the compositions may be dried at room temperature; however, curing can be accelerated by application of raised temperature up to 200 DEG C.ALSO:Compositions suitable for binding non-woven webs or fabrics comprise an aqueous dispersion of (1) at least one water-insoluble addition polymer containing units of a vinyl ester, an acrylate or methacrylate ester, or a mono-or di-ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, (2) at least one water-soluble ammonium salt of a copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising an a , b -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (and having a particular molecular weight as defined in the specification) and (3) at least one anionic or nonionic surfactant, at least one of components (1) and (2) comprising at least 1/4 %, based on the weight of the respective component, of polymersied units containing a ureido or thioureido group, preferably a cyclic (thio) ureido group in which the two nitrogen atoms are linked by a C2-C3 alkylene radical.ALSO:Compositions suitable for the application of protective or pigmented coatings to interior or exterior surfaces, such as masonry wood, plaster or metals, e.g. iron, copper, zinc or alumium, and also to materials such as textiles, paper and leather, comprises an aqueous dispersion of (1) at least one water-insoluble addition polymer containing units of a vinyl ester, an acrylate or methacrylate ester, or a mono- or di-ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, (2) at least one water-soluble ammonium salt of a copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising an a , b -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (and having a particular molecular weight as defined in the specification) and (3) at least one anionic or nonionic surfactant, at least one of components (1) and (2) comprising at least 1/4 %, based on the weight of the respective component, of polymerised units containing a ureido or thioureido groups, preferably a cyclic (thio) ureido group in which the two nitrogen atoms are linked by a C2-C3 alkylene radical. The compositions may include an organic or inorganic pigment, e.g. oxides, sulphides, silicates &c. of titanium, lead, zinc, antimony, zirconium, barium, calcium and magnesium, and an extender such as calcium carbonate, whiting, talc, barytes, magnesium and aluminium silicates, diatom aceous earth, china clay, asbestine, silica or mica. Other optional ingredients include other addition polymers, aminoplasts or phenoplasts, polyepoxides, polyesters, alkyds, gums, starches, proteins, cellulose derivatives, glycols and polyglycols, silicones, phosphate and phthalate plasticisers, aromatic sulphonates, complex alkali metal phosphates, ethylene poly aminoacetates, waxes, oils, mineral spirits, bactericides and/or fungicides such as borax, pentachlorophenols and mercury compounds, drying oils, sodium benzoate, dichromate or nitrite, guanyl urea phosphate and aldehydes. Coatings produced from the compositions may be dried at room temperature, although curing can be accelerated by application of raised temperature up to 200 DEG C. The compositions are particularly suitable for use with chalky, dusty, powdery, porous or corroded surfaces, wherein they may serve as a primer for subsequent application of a conventional waterbase or oil-base paint or enamel, containing rubber or synthetic rubber, copolymers of acrylic ester with styrene, vinylidenechloride or acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate or vinyl chloride copolymers.</p> |
