| 摘要 |
In this invention a new chemical process is established and a system designed to produce those compounds according to the process that is part of this invention. In this chemical system, chemical reactions take place at two places when the reactants are in liquid forms; one sort of chemical reactions take place on the surface of the solution pool and another sort of chemical reactions in the solution medium. From the surface reactions the system produces gases; nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide and water; in the deep, in the solution medium, the system produces solid(s), liquid and gases. The solid(s) may be inorganic salt(s) or organometallic salt(s), and sometimes solid element(s), as iodine, for example. For the liquid it will be nitric acid and water, for the gas, it will be nitrogen oxide, for the solid can be different salt(s), depend on the chemical reaction design. In liquid phase on the surface of the liquid, chemical reactions take place that produce nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the ratio 1:1 or so. Nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide and nitric acid laboratory and industrial manufacture the new way. Sodium or potassium nitrite about 42% concentration in water, but also in any percentage concentration, in surface contact with concentrated, but in lesser concentration also, mineral-as well as organic acids produce nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxide on the surface of the salt solution. In the liquid phase, in the liquid, the chemical reactions give mineral (inorganic) or organic salt(s) as well as nitric acid to certain amount, and also under certain condition nitrous acid, but that compound does not last long. The mineral acids that give good results are sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydriodic acid, phosphoric acid and iodine monochloride as well as bromine. Among the organic acids the best result can be achieved with formic acid, acetic acid, propionic and butyric acid. The surface reactions go, probably, fastest with sulfuric acid; the chemical reactions go fast with nitric acid, with hydrofluoric acid, with hydriodic acid, with phosphoric acid, with hydrochloric acid, with hydrobromic acid, with bromine. The reactions with the organic acids go fastest with formic acid, second fastest with acetic acid, slow with propionic and butyric acid. The reactions happen with lactic acid too, however, very, very slow. In the liquid phase NO2, NO gases are still produced, however, nitrogen dioxide gas dissolves into water and forms nitric acid there; under certain condition can form nitrous acid too. The larger the surface area contact between the reactants, the better the result of the gas mixture. These same reactions can be carried out with the nitrite salt(s) in solid form and the acids in liquid form, the surface reactions result in nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxide gases formation, however, this procedure presently, only on a small scale is this approach suitable, because the secondary product(s) from the chemical reactions is solid, so it deposits onto the reactants, thus hinders the reaction process, also in the use of the solid form one of the nitrite salts to penatrate deep into the solid layer, it needs more acid that is not very efficient approach; nitric acid as the secondary product still will form in lesser or in larger amount depends on the second reactant, the acid that is used. In a way this can be a design system to produce nitric acid or nitrogen dioxide or nitrogen oxide or both with different secondary products, almost as one desires. Iodine monochloride and liquid bromine can be used as second reactant(s) to produce nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide and the secondary products that are similar to the secondary products obtained with the inorganic- or organic acids. These chemical reactions may be new, important discoveries. In this system the reactants are used in stoichiometric ratio.
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