| 摘要 |
1,240,580. Hydrogenolysis catalysts. MOBIL OIL CORP. 29 Dec., 1969 [27 Jan., 1969], No. 63055/69. Heading B1E. [Also in Divisions C2 and C5] Hydrogenolysis catalysts comprise (i) a hydrogenation component which is a metal of Groups I B, II B, III B, IV B, V B, VI B, VII B or VIII of the Periodic Table and (ii) a solid acid-acting component. Esters, including lactones, hydrogenolysed to carboxylic acids without reducing the carbonyl group of the ester. The preferred metal is from Groups VIII e.g. palladium, nickel and platinum, and the acid-acting solid may be a cation exchange resin, a crystalline aluminosilicate, alumina, silica-alumina, thoria, vanadia, zirania, titania, zinc oxide, chromia; chromia-alumina, silicamagnesia, molybdena-alumina, halogenated alumina, germania, ceria, molybdena, phosphorus pentoxide, molybdenium sulphide, tungsten sulphide, iron sulphide, nickel sulphide and mixtures thereof. The cation exchange resin may be a phenolic type, a copolymer of styrene and a divinylaromatic, polystyrene, polyacrylic, chlorinated styrene-divinylbenzene with functional groups such as sulphonic, phenolsulphonic, and phosphonic acids, the crystalline alumino silicates may be of the molecular sieve or zeolitic type. The twocomponent catalyst may be a physical mixture or a chemically bonded as molecular dispersion. The acid component may be treated e.g. with carbon tetrachloride, boron fluoride and halogen acids to increase the acid activity. Examples describe the use of nickel and activated clay, or sulphonated styrene-divinylbenzene resin, or zeolites, and palladium with sulphonated polystyrene resin, polyphosphonic acid, sulphonated styrene-divinylbenzene resin, and alumina as catalysts for the production of esters. |
