LOW-MOLECULAR AND HIGH-MOLECULAR EMULSIFIERS, PARTICULARLY BASED ON POLYISOBUTYLENE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF

摘要

The invention relates to low-molecular and high-molecular diblock emulsifiers, particularly based on polyisobutylene, of general formulas (Ia) and (Ib), and to mixtures thereof, whereby: L represents a polyisobutylene group having a numerical average molecular weight Mn ranging from 300 to 1000; L represents a polyisobutylene group having a numerical average molecular weight Mn ranging from 2000 to 20000; -A- represents -O-, -N(H)- or N(R<1>)-; M<+> represents H<+>, an alkali metal ion, 0.5 alkaline-earth metal ions or NH4<+>, whereby in NH4<+>, one or more H's can be substituted by alkyl radicals; R represents a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical, which supports at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of OH, NH2 or NH3<+> and optionally supports one or more C(O)H groups while optionally containing one or more non-adjacent -O- and/or secondary amines and/or tertiary amines and, in the NH2 or NH3<+> groups, one or more H's can be substituted by alkyl radicals, and; R<1> represents a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical, which optionally supports one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH, NH2, NH3<+> or C(O)H while optionally containing one or more non-adjacent -O- and/or secondary amines and/or tertiary amines and, in the NH2 or NH3<+> groups, one or more H's can be substituted by alkyl radicals, and the proportion of A-R on the compound of general formula (Ib) equals at least 20 wt. %.