| 摘要 |
The invention provides an incandescent electromagnetic radiation source comprising a non-metallic emitter body that conducts electricity, and an emitting volume within the emitter body that has a thermal energy, optical absorption coefficients, and optical scattering coefficients, and that generates and externally emits electromagnetic radiation. An electric current is applied to the emitting volume such that a substantial portion of the thermal energy is generated by electrical resistive heating within the emitting volume. The optical absorption coefficients have significantly larger values within a predetermined high emissivity portion of the electromagnetic spectrum than within a predetermined low emissivity portion of the spectrum, and the optical scattering coefficients have much larger values than the optical absorption coefficients within the predetermined low emissivity portion of the spectrum. Also, to provide electrical stability and electrical switching, a resistance inverting switching device is used. The device comprises a variable resistance element, at least one output load, at least one resistance sensing device whereby changes in the resistance of the variable resistance element is sensed, and at least one electronic switching element that switches the load current on and off. Electrical interconnections between the switching element and the resistance sensing device causes the switching element to decrease the length of time that the load conducts current when the electrical resistance of the variable resistance element decreases, and to increase the length of time that the load conducts current when the electrical resistance of the variable resistance element increases.
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