Conductive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus which make use of the same

摘要

In a conductive member having a support (2a) and provided thereon at least one cover layer (2b), the cover layer has a surface layer, and the surface layer (2d) contains fine particles. In the surface layer, fine particles present at the surface layer lower part corresponding to a range within 30% of the total layer thickness from the lowermost plane have an average particle diameter which is larger than the average particle diameter of fine particles present at the surface layer upper part corresponding to a range within 30% of the total layer thickness from the uppermost plane. A process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus have such a conductive member.