| 摘要 |
Ionic liquids having improved properties for application in non-aqueous batteries, electrochemical capacitors, electroplating, catalysis and chemical separations are disclosed. Exemplary compounds have one of formulas (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are either H; F; separate alkyl groups of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, respectively, or joined together to constitute a unitary alkylene radical of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms forming a ring structure converging on N; or separate phenyl groups; and wherein the alkyl groups, alkylene radicals or phenyl groups may be substituted with electron witdrawing groups, preferably F-, Cl-, CF3-, SF5-, CF3S-, (CF3)2CHS- or (CF3)3CS-; and X<-> is a non-Lewis acid-containing polyatomic anion having a van der Waals volume exceeding 100 ANGSTROM <3>. These compounds possess a wide liquidus range, manifest high thermochemical and electrochemical stability, and are hydrophobic in nature. When the cation and/or the anion is fluorinated, hydrophobic ionic liquids have certain special properties including resistance to extremes of temperature and pressure, resistance to corrosive acides and bases, and inertness to organic solvents and oxidizing agents, making them particularly useful as superior hydraulic fluids and inert liquid diluents for highly reactive chemicals. |
