| 摘要 |
A reaction vessel system includes a reaction vessel, a cooling unit functionally connected to the vessel to impart controlled cooling thereto; a heating unit functionally connected to the vessel to impart controlled heating thereto; and control means connected to the cooling unit and the heating unit for programmable automatic control of the cooling unit to control at least one of on/off flow and rate of flow, and to control at least one of on/off heating and rate of heating, including a programmable device. The cooling unit includes a cooling element in proximity to the vessel with at least one inlet port for injection of a phase change coolant, a heat absorbent area and at least one outlet port for removal of the phase change coolant. This is an injector for injecting the coolant in liquid form via the inlet port to the cooling element. In preferred embodiments, the control means includes software, and the system includes an injection physical control device, for cyclical on/off control thereof to establish a predetermined temperature sequence involving a plurality of diverse, programmable temperature levels. The phase change coolant used in the present invention is an environmentally inert material which absorbs heat upon vaporization and has a boiling point below room temperature at atmospheric pressure, and may be selected from the group consisting of inert gases, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
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