| 摘要 |
Energy conservation process for producing alcohol rectified by distillation from fermented malts, using energy efficient multiple effect heating systems where the columns heat each other, realization of the calorific value of the residual liquor by expansion under vacuum and an energy recovery system at the head of the rectifying column using a steam jet compressor connected to an exchanger, is new. Energy conservation process for producing alcohol rectified by distillation from fermented malts, comprising: (a) using columns for purifying the malts (D30A, D30B); distilling the malts (D10A, D10B) to produce medium degree ethanolic phlegms; (b) rectification (D40) to produce an ethanol of more than 96% purity by volume; (c) finishing (D50A, D50B); and (d) concentrating the impurities (D60). The columns are connected to energy efficient heaters comprising a multiple effect system heating columns D10A, D30A, D10B, D30B, themselves heated by column D40, and a multiple effect system heating column D60 by D50A, itself heated by D50B, heated in turn by D40. There is also a cooling system for the residuary liquor from D10B by expansion under vacuum in the sphere DV to provide heat to column 10A. This cooling system is connected to a liquid-liquid exchanger between fermented malts and residuary liquor (EVV). An energy recovery system at the head of D40 contains an exchanger F and steam jet compressor (ST) with multiple nozzles. This process has a specific energy consumption close to 120 kg of steam at 25 bar superheated to 350 degreesC per hectolitre of pure alcohol in the form of fermented malts at 10 % by volume or close to 132 kg of steam per hectolitre of pure alcohol using saturated steam at 25 bar. The columns contain a number of domed, valved or perforated trays, with 15 in columns D30A and D30B, 20 for columns D10A and D10B, 65 for D40, 50 for D50A and D50B and 57+12 for D60. Fractions more volatile than ethanol are eliminated in columns D30A and D30B which do not contain concentrating sections. Some are extracted by fractionated condensation and part by transfer to the impurity concentration column D60. Columns D10A and D10B do not contain concentrating sections either. The ethanolic phlegms obtained, purified from volatile components, are transferred to the rectifying column D40. The energy efficient devices used define the pressures in the heads of the columns as: 0.25 bar absolute for D30A, 0.295 bar absolute for D10A, 0.97 bar absolute for D30B, 1.033 bar absolute for D10B, 3.1 bar absolute for D40, 2.17 bar absolute for D50B, 1.52 bar absolute for D50A and 0.27 bar absolute for D60. The two purifying columns D30A, D30B are supplied with a fermeted malt at less than 35 degreesC.
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