| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display element with long time reliability realized by restraining degradation of luminance due to initial deterioration. SOLUTION: The display element 11 holds an organic layer 14 including at least an organic light-emitting layer 14c between a negative electrode 15 and a positive electrode 13, at least either of which contains hafnium (Hf: atomic number 72). With this, life duration is improved. In case of an organic electroluminescent element with a top-face-emission luminescent element structure, it has an effect of approximately doubling the operation life. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
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