| 摘要 |
1. A fitting for a window or door, comprising a sash (1) which moves in relation to a window or door frame (2), said fitting enables the sash (1) to be displaced outwards in parallel and to pivot about an axis of rotation (D, 40, 64, 90, 112, 144, 150, 155, 174) from a position in which it is has been displaced outwards in parallel to a position in which is rotated open, at least one curved guide (12) is provided for the outward displacement of the sash (1), in the groove between the window frame (2) and the sash (1), enabling a guiding pin (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181) to move, characterized in that a fitting (9, 15, 17, 17<(>, 27, 40, 50, 60, 116, 119, 121, 170, 177, 180) is provided between the window frame (2) and the sash (1) on the side of the axis of rotation of the sash (1), said fitting being fixed to the sash (1) with a first part and to the window frame (2) with a second part and said first part and said second part interacting to allow a rotational movement of the sash (1). 2. The fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (D, 40, 64, 90, 112, 144, 150, 155, 174) of the sash (1) passes through the first or the second element of the fittings fitting (9, 15, 17, 17<(>, 27, 40, 50, 60, 116, 119, 121, 170, 177, 180). 3. The fitting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotation axis of the sash (1) crosses the axis of the a guiding pin (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181) in the curved guide (12, 113, 171, 175, 180). 4. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or a plurality of guiding pins (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181) displaced on the side of the sash (1) rotation axis form the first element of the fitting, and the curved guide (12, 113, 171, 175, 180) forms its second element, wherein the guiding pin forms pivotally the rotation axis for sash (1) in the curved guide. 5. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one guiding pin (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181) is provided on the side of the rotation axis of the sash (1) which has an opening (13, 65, 142) in the outwardly parallel position for drawing out the guiding pin (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181). 6. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding pin (7, 63, 105, 172, 176, 181) can displace in the outward position along an arc in the base of the curved guide (118, 170, 177) and the rotation axis of the sash (1) is formed thanks to the arc. 7. The fitting according to claim 6, characterized in that the end face of the guiding pin (105, 172, 176, 181) is shaped as a hemisphere. 8. The fitting according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the curved guide (118, 170, 177) is semicircular in the base. 9. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding pin (181) has a thickened end part (182) making it impossible to drop out from the curved guide (180). 10. The fitting according to claim 9, characterized in that the end face of the guiding pin (181) is ball-shaped with a narrowed part, and the curved guide (180) is provided with a groove the base of which has the form of form of the pin end part (181). 11. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curved guide (12) takes a vertical position in the extreme position of the sash (1) displacement and is provided with an outlet (65) facing the sash (1) front side for the guiding pin and a vertical axial opening (62). 12. The fitting according to claim 11, characterized in that the guiding pin (63) comprises a vertically-directed a supporting pin (64) providing a pivot connection when introducing it into the axial opening (62) of the curved guide (12). 13. The fitting according to claim 11, characterized in that being in an opened position due to turning of the sash (1) the fitting units are blocked thanks to introducing the guiding pins into the opening (13, 65, 142) of the curved guide. 14. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pin (29, 110, 112, 150, 155) is provided on the side of the sash (1) rotation axis which displaces in a longitudinal groove (31, 140, 154) and that the pin (29, 110, 112, 150, 155), being in the outward position of the sash (1), adjoins one end of the longitudinal groove (31, 140, 154) forming the fitting unit for the sash (1). 15. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fitting unit (9, 10, 15, 119, 120) is provided for a horizontal direction of the sash (1), having a lever (16, 24, 91, 114, 124) which rotates around the axis on the frame (2) and pivotally connected to the sash (1). 16. The fitting according to claim 15, characterized in that two fitting units (9, 10, 15, 119) spaced from each other are provided, while the fitting unit disposed on the side of the sash (1) rotation axis has a lever (91, 114) forming a pivot connection and forming the sash (1) rotation axis. 17. The fitting according to claim 16, characterized in that the fitting unit disposed on the side of the sash (1) rotation axis has a lever (91, 114) pivotally connected to a sleeve (4, 106) which is in a permanent contact with a fixing element arranged on the sash (1). 18. The fitting according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the fitting unit (10, 120) disposed on the side opposite to the side of the rotation axis is spring-loaded relative to the sash (1) for parallel outward of a window sash, and at the moment when the sash is in a outward position releases the support rod (5, 160) of the sash (1). 19. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the lever (16, 24, 91, 114, 124) is arranged so that the range of turning extends from the sash closed position to its maximum parallel outward position, and the lever rotation axis is positioned at about between said positions. 20. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fitting unit (117, 152, 153) with a pin (112,150, 155) is provided on the side of the sash (1) rotation axis displaceable horizontally. 21. The fitting according to claim 20, characterized in that a guide for the pin (112, 150, 155) has a groove directed to the sash, the end of which forms a lock for the pin and the pin (112, 150, 155) fitting the groove end forms the rotation axis for the sash (1). 22. The fitting according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that a groove (154) is provided for receiving the pin (150, 155), the pin base has the shape of the pin end part. 23. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the groove for receiving the pin is semi-circular in the base, while the pin end part is ball-shaped. 24. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims 20 to 23, characterized in that on the end side the pin is provided with a ball treated by a rolling method. 25. The fitting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for initiating a motion of the fitting a strap is provided arranged on the sash (1) along its perimeter. 26. A window or a door with an opening sash and a fixed frame, characterized in that the sash is retained on the frame by the fitting characterized in any of the preceding claims. 27. A window or a door according to claim 26, characterized in that in addition to the parallel outward of the sash (1) the sash can also be turned back.
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