| 摘要 |
A process and apparatus for producing biofuel by esterifying waste oil, such as vegetable oils and animal fat, with alcohols producing alcohol esters and the by-products. Static pressure and continuous flow-through reaction vessels and separation tanks are used without additional pumps. Optionally, specialized reaction tanks with vertical rotating feed tubes having separators and inlet and outlet openings are used. Efficient production of biofuel is achieved with reaction and mixing tanks having smaller plant layout or "footprint". The largest tank being in a size of about 36/100,000 times the desired plant annually gallons of output. The process and apparatus include minimal plant space; minimal on-site feedstock; minimal on-site storage; about 50 to 60% reduction in plant construction costs; about 75% reduction in construction time; minimal energy usage; about 60% reduction in labor costs due to the automatic continuous flow; reduction in pump operation and maintenance costs; and environmentally friendlier and safer plant design. The smaller plant footprint, lower capital cost and minimal construction time enables site selection closer to the raw material supplies, thereby minimizing or eliminating transportation costs for yellow grease or vegetable oil. |
