| 摘要 |
A speaker verification method and apparatus which advantageously minimizes the constraints on the customer and simplifies the system architecture by using a speaker dependent, rather than a speaker independent, background model, thereby obtaining many of the advantages of using a background model in a speaker verification process without many of the disadvantages thereof. In particular, no training data (e.g. speech) from anyone other than the customer is required, no speaker independent models need to be produced, no a priori knowledge of acoustic rules are required, and, no multi-lingual phone models, dictionaries, or letter-to-sound rules are needed. Nonetheless, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the customer is free to select any password phrase in any language. Specifically, and in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the background model comprises a hidden Markov model having a cruder acoustic resolution than the customer model, which may, for example, be achieved by providing a background model containing fewer states than the customer model.
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