| 摘要 |
The invention relates to nuclear energy based on the use of thorium as a nuclear fuel. Said invention makes it possible to efficiently control a nuclear reactor by modifying (shifting) a neutron energy spectrum in the active zone of the nuclear reactor, extend the service time of the nuclear reactor to 30-50 years with a single charging of nuclear fuel, practically stop the production of plutonium and other transuranic elements, exclude a sequential radiochemical transformation of spent nuclear fuel (SNF), thereby excluding any external transportation of the SNF and to significantly improve the ecological safety of nuclear energy. Control of the thorium nuclear reactor is carried out by modifying the neutron energy spectrum in the active zone of the reactor by supplying neutron decelerators in the gaseous form thereof at a controlled pressure ranging from a normal value to one hundred and more atmospheres to fuel elements. The inventive fuel assembly for thorium reactors comprises the fuel elements and is provided with a central distributor and/or a peripheral collector for supplying the gaseous neutron decelerators.
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