| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical element dispensing with a grinding step and drastically improving productivity and a liquid crystal display element having it, a projection type display device, an imaging device and an image pickup device. SOLUTION: In the optical element with a plurality of minute refracting optical elements, at least a surface out of surface of the optical element transmitting light is constructed so as to be formed with a nearly flat protective film and the liquid crystal display element is formed with the optical element by tightly sticking the protective film and the liquid crystal layer. |
