| 摘要 |
A differential amplifier, of such as a comparator or operational amplifier, has two base input terminals. The base-emitter junctions in the two input transistors are protected by corresponding protective transistors connected as diodes, i.e., the emitter and base of each protective diode are connected. The effective pn-junction in the protective transistors is the junction between the base and collector which normally has a larger breakthrough voltage than the pn-junction between the base and emitter. The protective transistors may be made in substantially the same way as the input transistors with substantially the same electrical properties as the input transistors, and therefore, are quite practical for use in ICs.
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