| 摘要 |
The rail fastener shall find application in the revamping of railroads, in the restoration of sleepers of railroads in operation and in new railroad construction. It facilitates the assembly, avoids the stress and increases the operational roadworthiness. The fastener includes a sleeper (1) having wedge-like bodies (2) built in it, fitted on both sides of the places for the rails (3), on which, and on an elastic basic insert (4), a pad (5) with wedges on the upper surface is mounted. On the lower surface of the pad there is a fixing cog (9), fitted in a notch (10). The pad is metal, and on it an elastic pad (12) is fitted on which the rail is laid, pressed in its place. Insert (4) and the elastic pad (12) are U-shaped, the ends of which are side-pressed to sleeper (1). The rail is pressed in its place by pressing elements, wherein the pressing elements, the pad and the elastic basic insert have coaxial holes, by means of which they are mounted to bodies (2) by means of screw connecting elements (13) Under the heads of the screw-type connection elements disk springs are mounted. The fixing wedge-type bodies (2) are of material of the type of glass fibres or impregnated wood. The pressing elements (12) are of two-part type and include a horizontal supporting part (18) having a wedge-like external end (19) covered by elastomer (20) and resting on edge (6), and with a notch (21) on its upper surface, as well as an upper pressing part (22) having an elliptic contour in plan. Anchor bolts are used as screw-type connection elements, fitted in a metal tube. the widened end of which has a wedge-like knurled surface (27). Pad (5) can be made in the form of a composite element, including a horizontal plate (38) and a vertical end plate (39) welded top plate (38) and at the same time forming edges (6) and the fixing cog (9). 8 claims, 15 figures
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