| 摘要 |
1,180,514. Programmed control of machine tools. ING. C. OLIVETTI & C. S.p.A. Sept.16, 1968 [Sept.16, 1967], No.43982/68. Heading G3N. A numerical control device for effecting conjoint control of one or more members of a machine tool or other equipment along one or more axes and about a rotary axis comprises, a programme unit feeding to an interpolating unit the extreme co-ordinates of a displacement along the linear axes, the displacement increment along each said axis for each rotation about the rotary axis and the constant speed of rotation of the member which rotates about the rotary axis, the inter-polating unit operating cyclically to determine displacement increments about the linear and rotary axes, and a rotary position measuring transformer, comparing the present position of the member with respect to the rotary axis with the position computed by the inter-polating unit, delivering an error signal controlling the computation of the inter-polating unit. As shown, a screw blank 3 is secured to the spindle of a machine tool and is rotatable about an axis C, and machined by a tool 8 positioned along the Z-axis by a servo-mechanism SM. Rotation about the C-axis is determined by a rotary position measuring device 1 and displacement of the tool by a Z-axis cyclic linear displacement measuring device 2 producing a series of position zeros at intervals. An inter-polating unit as disclosed in Specification 1,154, 761 is fed by a programming unit 5 and supplies digital positioning orders to digital-to-analog converters 6, 7 providing sine and cosine values to the measuring devices. In order to ensure that the tool 8 follows a screw-thread on the blank 3 the computation of the angle C must be synchronized with the rotation of the blank, the error signal from the device 1 then being a null or zero. The error signal is applied to an amplifier in the inter-polator which supply logic signals when the error exceeds set positive and negative limits. During synchronization no displacement occurs along the Z-axis, the computation of Z-axis signals being initiated, in dependence on the desired thread pitch, when the error signal from the device 1 crosses the position zero from a positive to a negative value. The error signal from the device 2 controls the position of tool 8 retroactively through the servomechanism SM. For a tapered thread displacement the pitch along the transverse axis is also programmed. |
