| 摘要 |
<p>The invention relates to nuclear engineering and can be used for producing a nuclear fuel from a uranium oxide and plutonium mixture. The inventive method consists in loading uranium oxide and plutonium powder and magnetic needles in a chamber, mixing the uranium oxide powder and the plutonium powder with the aid of the magnetic needles by means of the effect produced by a variable magnetic field, compressing the obtained powder mixture in order to produce pellets and sinter said pellets. The inventive method is characterised in that the chamber is loaded with the uranium oxide powder, plutonium powder and the magnetic needles at 20 %-90 % of the volume thereof. The ratio between the total weight of the uranium oxide and plutonium powder and the weight of the magnetic needles is chosen to be equal to 0.30-0.65, mainly ranging from 0.40 to 0.50. Afterwards, the chamber containing the powder and the magnetic needles is exposed to a deep chilling effect, said powder being mixed. The inventive method increases by 1.5-2 times the dispersivity of a moulding powder and the activity thereof during sintering and improves mixture uniformity, reduction range and the bulk density thereof. Said method also increases the processing rate and ensures the moulding index of the moulding powder. Said improved characteristics make it possible to increase the production of MOX fuel pellets and produce fuel pellets which have a homogenous distribution of plutonium on a microlevel. The inventive method also ensures a high level of nuclear safety requirements for working with radioactive materials. Said method decreases by 10-20 times the impurity of the obtained mixture contaminated for example by ferrum which is formed by friction of the magnetic needles.</p> |
