| 摘要 |
Devices and methods for control of reflection and transmission of an optical wave by selective adjustment of the refractive index of a material through use of an applied electric field. In some devices, an electric field vector <highlight><uline>E</uline></highlight> is distributed in the material, where the material interfaces two optical waveguides. Since the refractive index n(<highlight><uline>E</uline></highlight>) of the material depends on the magnitude and direction of <highlight><uline>E</uline></highlight>, the electric field E can be varied to control n(<highlight><uline>E</uline></highlight>), relative to the refractive index of the interfaced waveguides, so as to make the material totally transmitting, totally reflecting, or partially reflecting of light that passes through one of the interfacing waveguides and is incident upon the material. Adjusting n(<highlight><uline>E</uline></highlight>) in such a material can also be used for selection of optical wavelengths by diffraction, wavelength selection of optical waves transmitted through mirror electrodes, and deflection of plane waves.
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