| 摘要 |
<p>In a first aspect, the invention provides a flared optical coupler (100) comprising an input waveguide (130), an interference waveguide region (150) and a plurality of output waveguides (160), the coupler (100) operable to couple radiation from the input waveguide (130) into the mixing region (150) for generating one or more radiation power maxima (180) therein, said one or more maxima for coupling radiation into one or more of the output waveguides (160), characterised in that the coupler (100) includes a flared waveguide region (140) for coupling between the input waveguide (130) and the mixing region (150). In a second aspect, the flared optical coupler (210) has a plurality of input waveguides (260), an interference mixing waveguide region (250) and a single output waveguide (230). In another aspect, the invention provices an electro-optical modulator (400) including: (a) a coupler (430, 440) according to the first aspect of the invention and intermediate waveguide paths (450); (b) modulating means (460) for applying relative phase modulating to radiation propagating along the intermediate waveguides (450); and (c) output mixing means (470) for diverting radiation to one or more of the output waveguides (480).</p> |
