Composés organiques fluorés

摘要

The invention comprises: (a) compounds of the general formula wherein X1 and Q represent chlorine or bromine, Y1 and U represent chlorine or fluorine, R2 and R4 each represent a haloalkylene unit from a halogenated alkene containing at least one fluorine atom, and p and q are integers not greater than 20, and wherein each of the two carbon atoms joining -(R2)p- and -(R4)q-either has attached thereto at least one halogen atom or else has attached thereto more than one carbon atom (other than that linking -(R2)p-and (R4)q-) of which at least one bears at least two halogen atoms other than iodine; (b) the preparation of compounds (a) by coupling, by the process of Specification 774,103, one molecule each of compounds of the general formul/m g CF2X1CClY1(R2)pZ and CF2QCClU(R4)qZ wherein Z represents an atom of bromine or especially iodine; (c) dehalogenation of compounds (a) to dienes of the general formula CF2=CY1(R2)p(R4)qCU=CF2 or, in some cases, trienes of the general formula wherein R5 and R6 represent respectively R2/t and R4 less their terminal carbon atoms, and R7 and R8 represent the residual substituents on such terminal carbon atoms, viz., halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl or hydrogen; (d) oxidation (e.g. with potassium permanganate) of the products obtained according to (c) to dicarboxylic acids containing a smaller number of carbon atoms, e.g. compounds of the general formula HOOC(R2)p(R4)qCOOH from the dienes; (e) treatment of the silver salts of these dicarboxylic acids, obtained by process (d) from the dienes, with chlorine, bromine or iodine to effect decarboxylation and halogenation to haloalkanes; (f) pyrolysis of the corresponding alkali metal salts to terminallyunsaturated halodienes having two fewer carbon atoms. In the case of the trienes, the oxidation process (d) usually involves a splitting of the molecule; thus the triene CF2= CFCF2CF=CFCF2CF=CF2 yields the new compound perfluoromalonic acid, the dimethyl ester and diamide of which are described. Reference is also made to the reaction of the diene products of (c) with an alkali metal bisulphite to form a sulphonated compound of the formula (M=alkali metal), from which the corresponding disulphonic acid may be liberated by the action of sulphuric acid. Suitable starting materials for process (b) are the products of Specification 824,229, and in this case X1 will normally be identical with Q, Y1 with U and R2 with R4, whilst p and q will be identical or different, depending on whether or not the products of the said Specification have been fractionated.