| 摘要 |
Filled polylactam material is obtained by wetting a finely divided filler with a surfactant and a non-aqueous carrier liquid, mixing the wetted filler with a lactam containing at least 6 carbon atoms in the ring, and polymerizing the lactam by anionic polymerization at a temperature between the m.p. of the monomer and that of the polymer. Examples of lactams are e -capro-, enanthro-, caprylo-, decano-, undecano-, dodecano-, pentadecano-, and hexadecano-lactams, methyl cyclohexanone isoximes, and cyclic hexamethylene adipimide. Suitable surfactants are 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn3-ol, octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, nonyl-phenol-ethylene oxide, alkyl-aryl hydrocarbons, tallow dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, organic phosphate esters, polyoxypropylene or polyoxyethylene. The liquid carrier may be (a) a low boiling lactam soluble liquid, e.g. kerosene, toluene, alcohols or ketones, (b) a plasticizer, e.g. chlorinated biphenyls or N-methyl-2-pyrollidone, or (c) the lactam itself. Polymerization is effected by heating at between the melting point of the monomer and 250 DEG C. in the presence of 0.01-20 mole per cent each of a catalyst and initiator. The catalyst may be an alkali or alkaline earth metal or its hydride or lactam salt, borohydride, oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or organometal derivative, or an organo Mg or Al compound. The initiator may be an organic isocyanate, ketone, acid chloride or anhydride or N-substituted imide. These materials are added to the filler together with the lactam, or alternatively the salt formed by reacting the catalyst with the lactam may be employed. Articles may be cast simultaneously with polymerization. In examples MoS2, boron, and a blue pigment are used as fillers, sodium hydride and PLMgBr as catalysts, and tolylene diisocyanate as initiator. |
