Polymer compositions

摘要

Synthetic polymer compositions having anti-static properties comprise a synthetic organic polymer having incorporated therein up to 10% by weight of the polymer of a quaternary ammonium compound of formula where R1 is C10- 18 straight chain alkyl, R3 and R4 are C1- 6 straight chain alkyl, R2 is C10- 18 or C1- 6 straight chain alkyl, R5 is a straight or branched aliphatic group containing up to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or an alkaryl or aralkyl group the alkyl residue of which contains up to 18 carbon atoms, and X is an anionic group. Specified polymers are polyvinyl acetate, polyallyl compounds, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers and polyvinylidene compounds. Specified anti-static agents are distearyl dimethyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, stearate or palmitate; dicetyl dimethyl ammonium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, stearate or palmitate; stearyl trimethyl ammonium or cetyl trimethyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate and mixtures thereof; lauryl dimethyl ethyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate or palmitate; oleyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium stearate and palmityl dimethyl butyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate. The agent may be added in the molten state, absorbed on an oil absorbent filler or pigment, or in solution or suspension in a liquid medium which may comprise a plasticizer, stabilizer or antioxidant for the resin. Specified pigments and fillers are silica, chalk, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium silicate, barytes, barium sulphate, china clay, kaolin or titanium dioxide. Examples describe the incorporation of distearyl dimethyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate in compositions comprising polyvinyl chloride, dioctyl phthalate and (1) tribasic lead sulphate and (2) a barium/cadmium stabilizer; a vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer and (3) dibutyl tin maleate and (4) tribasic lead sulphate; polystyrene and (5) diatomaceous earth, (6), (7) and (10) silica, (8) and (9) calcium silicate and (11) to (14) titanium dioxide; (15) to (17) polyethylene and titanium dioxide; the incorporation in polystyrene of distearyl dimethyl ammonium (18) palmitate, (19) stearate, (20) cetostearyl sulphate and (21) p-toluene sulphonate; the incorporation in polyethylene of (22) distearyl dimethyl ammonium p-toluene sulphonate and (23) distearyl dimethyl ammonium palmitate and silica; and the incorporation in (24) polystyrene and (25) polyethylene of cetostearyl trimethyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulphonate.