| 摘要 |
A battery management system comprises a printed circuit board 2 and a plurality of electrochemical cells 10. The cell terminal posts 11 and 12 are fitted through apertures in the board and are secured by nuts 13. Each aperture is associated with a conductive track forming part of the printed circuit on the board and the cells are therefore in electrical contact with the circuit. The cells have both positive and negative terminals at either or both ends. Each cell is associated with a bypass device 23, which enables defective cells to be individually isolated from the battery system. Bypass device 23 may comprise an irreversible contact closure, for example a meltable element, or spring loaded switch triggered by a meltable element. Alternatively device 23 may be a reversible switch for example a low impedance MOSFET. The management system senses individual cell voltages, the cell string voltage and the string current, and may also comprise sensors to detect one or more of: cell temperature, ambient temperature, cell coolant temperature, cell internal pressure, coolant pressure drop, hydrogen emissions from cells and electrical ground faults. The electrochemical cells may comprise lead-acid cells. |
