| 摘要 |
oil and gas production industry. SUBSTANCE: process of exploitation of highly viscous oil field includes sampling of extracted product and pumping of working agent based on aqueous-hydrocarbon emulsion. Samples are taken through production or injection wells and working agent is pumped through one injection and/or one production well, as minimum, by at least single fringe of aqueous-hydrocarbon emulsion of reverse type with water content above 60% that includes emulsifying agent and stabilizer, gradually reducing its viscosity in interval " viscosity of forced oil-viscosity of water ", controlling its physical, chemical and technological parameters in process of exploitation so that maximum factor of forcing-out and maximum coefficient of covering by capacity and area of field are provided. Physical and chemical properties are regulated by change of concentration and/or properties of stabilizer, emulsifying agent and water, from ordinary to stratal water, by achieving maximum forcing properties- correspondence of rheological properties of mentioned emulsion and forced out oils, and/or fluidity of forced-out oils, and/or dimensions of diameter of micelles less than permeability of porous medium, and/ or maximum oil dissolving properties by pumping fringe of 5% of volume of oil-saturated system of pores moved in pool and contracted due to mixing with oil into oil-saturated part of pool, and/or minimum adsorption properties and/or aggregate stability over certain period of forcing-out. Oil and/or gas condensate, and/or natural gas, and/or side gas, and/or lifting gas are used as hydrocarbons. Grouting agent is pumped in advance into injection wells to increase filtration resistance of highly penetrable water-saturated and/or gas-saturated interlayers. Grouting and/or hydrophobic agent to increase filtration resistance of highly penetrable water-saturated lower interlayers and to raise phase penetrability of oil-saturated rocks of face zone is forced in advance and/or in process of pumping of mentioned emulsion through injection wells into face zone of pool of production wells. Grouting agent and/or solution of surface active substance that froths with passage of gas are pumped through production wells into gas-saturated interlayers which is accompanied by abrupt rise of filtration resistance by factor of one-two and prevents burst of gas into production wells. Subcommercial water and/or water from system maintaining stratal pressure, and/or fresh water are used as water. Water-gas-oil mixture from system of oil and gas collection and/or from production wells is employed in the capacity above-mentioned emulsion. This emulsion is formed right in pool by pumping of additional chemical reagents-sulfuric acid, emulsifying agent, surface-active substance stabilizer. Emulsion is pumped under optimum constant or variable values of pressure, and/or temperature determined by model. Optimum pressure is pressure at which most uniform profile of acceptance is observed. Emulsion is pumped in 2-4 fringes. Injection of emulsion and/or extraction of product are carried out with change of rate through production wells and extraction of product- stratal fluids is carried out through injection wells. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of forcing of highly viscous oil from pools, reduced consumption of oil by working agent. 14 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl
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