| 摘要 |
<p>An invention refers to the area of building, namely to the excavating machines of special purpose, intended for formation of horizontal holes in the ground, and it can be used for trenchless laying of pipelines, for example, under the road embankments. The technical problem solved by this invention is cutting the number of operations and increasing the rate and accuracy of passing a hole in the ground. The essence of the offered method explained in fig 1 is characterised in that a pipe (1) is immersed in a ground (2) by applying to its end face an axial force, whereas in the side of the front face of the pipe (1) a protrusion (3) of a conical shape is formed with the basic diameter D and the height K being equal to the diameter of the pipe (1) and corresponding to condition 0.75D<K<1.5D. After formation of the hole, the protrusion (3) is removed. The protrusion (3) of a conical shape is formed by the walls of the pipe (1) before its immersion into the ground (2) or are formed by compacting of the layer (4) of the ground before the front face of the pipe (1) during its movement. According to the first version of the device, over the end face of the pipe (1) a flange (6) is put which is connected to a pushing mechanism (5) of shock action. In the front face of the pipe (1) wedges (7) are cut in the shape of isosceles triangles with vertices arranged with an angular interval a in regard to each other and equal to a=2p/N where N�3 number of wedges (7), while their height H is defined by inequalities 0.9D<H<1.6D, besides the vertices of wedges (7) and their sides are mutually connected forming the conical protrusion (3) whose vertex coincides with the symmetry axis of the pipe (1). According to the second version, inside the pipe (1) on the side of its front face a diaphragm (8) is set at the distance M subject to the restriction that 1.0D<M<2.0D, said diaphragm being perpendicular to the symmetry axis connected with the housing of the pipe (1) by a weld (9). The diameter of the hole depends on the type of the ground (2). As a rule, for this purpose pipes from 100 to 300 mm in diameter are used, the total length of a pipeline being formed of separate pipes (1) by welded joints, and it can reach in this case from 10 to 30 m, respectively.</p> |
