| 摘要 |
<p>Described are compositions for preventing the precipitation of asphaltenes in crude oils or for removing solid asphaltene residues from the surface of production plants or the petroleum-containing formation surrounding the well in the production and refining of petroleum, where the compositions comprise: a) alkylarylsulphonic acids and b) condensation products of fatty acids having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and polyamines of the general formula (I): H2N-[(CH2)n-NH]n-R1, in which R1 is hydrogen, a methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or a -(CH¿2?)n-NH-R?2¿ group, R2 is hydrogen, a methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl group, and n is a number between 1 and 4, and m stands for numbers from 1 to 6, and c) emulsifiers chosen from the groups i) alkoxylated fatty alcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and from 10 to 60 mol of alkoxides per mole of fatty alcohol and/or ii) ethoxylated alkylamines having alkyl radicals of from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and from 10 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylamine.</p> |
