METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DELIVERING ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY INTO A SOLUTION

摘要

An apparatus for periodically delivering RF energy as electric and magnetic fields into a solution for modifying its characteristics. Characteristic of the delivery apparatus is the use of a coil to deliver the magnetic field and a voltage probe, electrically isolated from the solution, to deliver the electric field. Embodiments of the present invention preferably control the magnitude and duty cycle of the electromagnetic energy and further preferably distribute a plurality of delivery apparatus according to the energy distribution of a selected delivery apparatus. Additionally, apparatus deliver RF energy as electric and magnetic fields into a secondary solution for modifying its characteristics by first treating a primary solution and causing the primary solution to be proximate to the secondary solution. Preferred embodiments of the present invention recirculate the primary solution between a treatment station containing a delivery apparatus which delivers the RF energy and a process station where secondary emissions from the primary solution are used to treat the secondary solution. The treated secondary solution improves the performance of various processes including: scale control in water heater systems, printing ink treatment, de-inking of pulp paper, etc. 37