| 摘要 |
The production of medicinal oils and optionally middle distillates of high quality from a hydrocarbon feed the wherein 20 Vol.% boil at more than 340 deg C, maximum UV adsorption value 1.60-2.75 nm and a maximum absorption value of extraction products by DMSO of less than 0.1. The production of medicinal oils and optionally middle distillates of high quality from a hydrocarbon feed the wherein 20 Vol.% boil at more than 340 deg C, maximum UV adsorption value of 1.60-2.75 nm and a maximum absorption value of extraction products by DMSO of less than 0.1 comprises: (a) hydrotreatment carried out at 330-450 deg C, 5-25 MPa, spatial velocity 0.1-6 h<-1>, under hydrogen in a volumetric ratio H2/hydrocarbon of 100-2000, and in the presence of an amorphous catalyst containing at least a metal of group VIII and a metal of group VIB; (b) hydrocracking, without intermediate separation of the effluent obtained from the hydrotreatment step, carried out at 340-430 deg C, 5-25 MPa, spatial velocity 0.1-5 h<-1>, under hydrogen and using a catalyst containing at least a zeolite as well as an element of group VIII and at least an element of group VIB; (c) atmospheric distillation of the effluent from the hydrocracking step to separate the gas of the liquid; (d) catalytic separation of the paraffin of at least a liquid fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation and containing compounds of boiling point of at least 340 deg C, process being carried out at 200-500 deg C, 1-25 MPa, spatial velocity 0.05-50 h<-1>, with 50-2000 of H2 per liter of charge, using a catalyst comprising of at least of a hydrodehydrogenating group and a molecular sieve the microporous system of which presents at least one main type of channels with pore openings of 9 or 10 atoms T, (T comprising Si/Al, P, B, Ti, Fe, Ga alternated with O) the distance between two pore openings being at most 0.75 mm. The sieve has a ratio of methylonane/5-nethylnonane/5 in the n-decane test; (e) the effluent free of paraffin is subjected directly to a hydrofinition step carried out at 180-400 deg C, 1-25 MPa, spatial velocity of 0.05-100 h<-1>, using 50-2000 l of H2/liter of charge and an amorphous catalyst for the hydrogenation of the aromatics, comprising at least of a metal chosen from a metal of group VIII and metals of group VIB; and (f) the effluent from the hydrofinition step is subjected to a distillation step comprising of atmospheric distillation and distillation under vacuum so as to separate at least the oil fraction at a boiling point of at least 340 deg C, and which has a flowing point of less than -10 deg C, and with an aromatic content of less than 2 %, a VI/95, viscosity at 100 deg C of at least 3 mm<2>/s and optionally to separate the middle distillates fraction which has a flowing point of -20 deg C or less, aromatic content at most 2 wt.% and a polyaromatic content at most 1 wt.%. An Independent claim is also included for the set up for the production of oil of high quality and optionally middle distillates of high quality, comprises: (A) at least a hydrotreatment zone (2) containing at least a hydrotreatment catalyst and equipped with a tube (1) for the inlet of the feed and at least a tube (3) for the inlet of H2; (B) at least a hydrocracking zone (5) containing at least a hydrocracking catalyst, to treat the hydrotreated effluent resulting from zone (2), the hydrocracked effluent exiting from zone (5) by a tube (6); (C) at least a column of atmospheric distillation (9) to treat the hydrocracked effluent, and equipped with at least a tube (10) for the exit of the gaseous fraction, at least a tube (11) for the liquid fraction (residue) containing compounds of boiling point (340 deg C) and at least a tube (28.29,30) for the outlet of at least a distillate; (D) at least an extraction unit of aromatic compounds (35) to treat the residue equipped with at least a tube (36) for its outlet, and at least a tube (38) for the outlet of the effluent; (E) at least a zone for the catalytic separation of the paraffin's (12) containing at least a catalyst, in which the effluent enters, and by at least a tube (13) where H2 is fed in, zone (12) being equipped with at least a tube (14) for the outlet of the effluent free of paraffin; (F) at least a hydrofinition zone (15) to treat the effluent free of paraffin by a hydrofinition catalyst, the effluent exiting by at least a tube (16); and (G) at least a distillation zone comprising at least of an atmospheric distillation column (19) equipped with at least a distillation column under vacuum (20), column (19) being equipped with at least a tube (26) for the outlet of at least a distillate, and at least a tube (21) to recover the residue, a column (20) comprising at least of a tube (22) for the outlet of the oil fraction and at least a tube (27) for the outlet of other compounds.
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