| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply and effectively suppress natural convection which is caused by a gravitational force and flows toward the upper direction or the lower direction at the central part of a liquid by applying a magnetic force in the horizontal direction, being generated by a gradient magnetic field, to the liquid from the outside to center part or from the center part to the outside. SOLUTION: When flow 1 of natural convection such that the liquid in a vessel flows toward the upper direction based on the gradient of the temp. or the concentration at the central part is occurred by a gravitational force, a magnetic force, which is generated by a gradient magnetic field in the horizontal direction and faces from the outside to the central part, is applied. This magnetic force generates the flow 10 of magnetic convection, facing toward the central part from the outside in the liquid, and the flow 10 cancels the flow 1 of the natural convection at the central part, thereby the natural convection is suppressed. Or when natural convection such that the liquid flows toward the lower direction at the central part of the liquid occurs, a magnetic force facing toward the outside from the central part is applied to suppress the natural convection. The gradient magnetic field can be formed by using a gradient magnetic field generating device equipped with a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting magnet or the like.
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