MULTIPLE-SUBSTITUTED BLEACH ACTIVATORS

摘要

Bleaching compositions, laundry and automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising multiple-substituted bleach activators which have at least one quaternary nitrogen atom, are provided. More specifically, the invention relates to compositions which provided enhanced cleaning/bleaching benefits through the selection of multiple-substituted quaternary bleach activators having specific leaving groups with a conjugate acid aqueous pK a above (13) and with the advantageous ratios of rate of perhydrolysis to rate of hydrolysis and of rate of perhydrolysis to rate od diacylperoxide production. Included are preferred activator compounds and methods for washing fabrics, hard surfaces, and tableware using the activators. A preferred multiple-substituted bleach activator has the formula: Q(C(X)L)t wherein said multiple-substituted bleach activator is associated with chargebalancing compatible anions; Q is a moiety which comprises q tetravalent nitrogen atoms, wherein q is from about 1 to about 4, each of said tetravalent nitrogen atoms is separated from its nearest proximate --C(X)L group by a linkage of at least two carbon atoms, and provided that the atom in Q to which any --C(X)L is bonded is a carbon atom; X is O; t is 2 or 3; and L is selected from the group consisting of cyclic amidines with a ring size of from about 5 to about 12 atoms; lactams with a ring size of from about 6 to about 12 atoms; anilino derivatives; and mixtures thereof, and further provided that said multiple-substituted bleach activator has a ratio of: (i) k P/k H ~ 1 wherein k P is the rate constant for perhydrolysis of said bleach activator and k H is the rate constant for hydrolysis of said bleach activator; and has a ratio of (ii) k P/k D ~ 5 wherein k P is as defined in (i) and wherein k D is the rate constant for formation of a diacylperoxide from said bleach activator; and further provided that k H~10M-1s-1.