| 摘要 |
Selective hydration of organic nitriles (acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acetonitrile etc.) to corresponding amides is carried out at 50 - 200 C, at water-to-nitrile mole ratio ranging from 3 to 40 : 1, on a heterogeneous catalyst containing from 1 to 50 wt.% of copper or the mixture thereof with at least one oxide element that is selected from a group containing calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, chrome, sodium, and the residue up to 100 % contains a carrier based on silicate or alumosilicate, optionally free oxides of silicium or magnesium which are prepared by precipitating initial copper compounds (nitrates) and other elements with the content of water-glass alk.solution at pH 9 - 13, or, by ion exchange of an alk. metal or earth of copper ion zeolites followed by the treatment thereof including forming, baking and reduction. The catalyst is regenerated by oxidation prior to reduction when the decrease in its activity occurs. The amides obtained by hydration are isolated and unconverted nitriles are recycled. |
