| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease the operating voltage of a liquid crystal device by incorporating a chiral nematic liquid crystal material layer, having a twisted state induced by first and second alignment films in a direction opposite to the twisting of an unrestricted material of the layer. SOLUTION: A first alignment film has an alignment direction 11 at an angleθin the clockwise direction from with respect to the polarization or absorption direction 10. A second alignment film has an alignment direction 12 at an angle (θ+ϕ) in the clockwise direction, and thereby the liquid crystal layer 8 has a twisting with an angleϕin the clockwise direction, namely in the positive direction with respect to the polarization or absorption direction 10. The chiral additive added to the nematic liquid crystal of the layer 8 has twisting effects in the counterclockwise direction, namely in the negative direction. Therefore, when material in the layer 8 is not restricted by the first and second alignment films, the material adopts a twisted state in the counterclockwise direction due to the chiral additive. The first and second alignment films cause a positive twist angleϕof 90 deg. or smaller to be generated, namely in the clockwise direction in the material of the layer 8.
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