| 摘要 |
1,160,885. Steering articulated vehicles. INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. 7 Sept., 1966 [22 Oct., 1965], No. 39918/66. Heading B7H. In an hydraulic power steering system for an articulated scraper vehicle having tractor and scraper sections relatively rotatable about a vertical steering axis by hydraulic rams 15, 16 controlled by axial displacement of the spool 55 of a control valve 40, a feedback signal for restoring the spool 55 to its neutral position when the sections assume the desired angular relationship is provided by a follow-up pump 154 which comprises a cylindrical casing 156 fixed to the tractor section coaxially of the steering axis and a radial vane 160 fixed to the scraper section and co-operating with a partition in the casing 156 to form two fluid chambers 165, 166 communicating with the valve 40. A gooseneck 13 on the scraper section is connected by vertical pivot pins 24, 25 to a yoke 20 supported for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis in bosses 18, 19 on the tractor section. The casing 156 is connected by a bracket 157 to the yoke 20, and the vane 160 by a shaft 159 to the pivot pin 25 which rotates with the gooseneck 13. The chambers 165, 166 are connected to the respective branches 144, 145 of a control circuit including a control pump 143 which is manually actuated by a steering- wheel 141 to operate the control valve 40 by displacing fluid in either direction between control chambers 92 at the ends of the spool 55. The spool 55 is displaced in the appropriate direction to a greater or lesser extent depending on the rate of rotation of the steering wheel 141 to direct to the rams 15, 16 the output of a primary fluid pressure pump 42 either alone or combined with the output of a secondary pump 43. Springs 68 urge the spool into a neutral position wherein fluid delivered by the primary pump 42 to a recess 83 flows around lands 57, 58 on the spool to a passage 96 communicating through a check valve 99 and discharge port 50 with a reservoir 44, and wherein fluid delivered by the secondary pump 43 to a recess 86 flows across a groove 65 to the discharge port and reservoir. A small displacement of the spool 55 results in co-operation of the lands 57, 58 with lands in the valve body 41 to direct the fluid from the recess 83 into one of outlet ports 97, 98 communicating with the rams 15, 16 through respective supply conduits 102, 103 including unloading valves 45 arranged to open when the back pressure at the primary pump outlet 47 attains a predetermined value. A greater displacement of the spool 55 results in co-operation of one of lands 60, 61 on the spool with a land 78 in the body 41 to prevent the output from the secondary pump 43 from flowing across the groove 65 to the reservoir 44 whereupon increased pressure in the recess 86 opens a valve 123 so that the output from the secondary pump 43 is combined with that from the primary pump 42 in the recess 83. A relief valve 131 prevents excessive pressures in the circuit, and a passage 59 for draining leakage fluid from annular chambers 90 near each end of the spool 55 may be throttled to damp spool movements. Make-up fluid is supplied to the control circuit from the passage 96 through a filter 153 and check valves 150, and relief valves 146 prevent excess pressures across the control pump 143. |
