Method of making physically and chemically active medium by making use of plasma nozzle and the plasma nozzle per se

摘要

The invented process is characterized in that electromagnetic energy from at least one external source (3) with output of about 10e0 to 10e3 W and voltage amplitude ranging from 10e1 to 10e4 V with possibility of modulation thereof at frequency range a.c., lf, hf or micro-waves (vhf) is applied to at least one hollow electrode (1) being provided with elements (14) that locally increase the electromagnetic energy density and through which flown of working medium in which electromagnetic field is produced in either longitudinal and/or transversal direction of the electrode (1) cavity (13), and/or at orifice thereof. At the same time due to the action of the elements (14) locally increasing the electromagnetic energy density and due to collision processes of particles within the working medium and on the hollow electrode (1) surface there are generated free charge carriers, to thereby producing inside the electrode (1) cavities and/or at the orifice thereof and in the external medium an intense charge or a system of primary and filamentary charges with own intrinsic flow that are carried by the flowing working medium. Owing to that the working medium is successively activated thereby and so formed plasma flows together with the flowing and continuously activating working medium through the hollow electrode (1) and the external medium at subsonic or supersonic velocity at simultaneous formation of a directed reaction channel at pressure ranging from 10e3 to 10e6 Pa. The plasma nozzle for making the above described process is formed by at least one hollow electrode (1) made of electrically-conducting or electrically-conducting and dielectric material with at least one element (14) locally increasing electromagnetic energy density inside said hollow electrode (1) and/or at orifice and/or outside thereof, whereby the element (14) is formed by a structural element (12) and/or physical element (17) acting in either transverse and/or longitudinal direction with respect to the flow of a working medium. The plasma nozzle is further formed by at least one voltage source (3) that is connected via an impedance matching element (4) being formed by a system of regulating, transforming and transmitting elements with the hollow electrode (1) electrically-conducting part.