| 摘要 |
Water is filtered through cylindrical membrane cartridges (12), each 30 cm in diameter and 80 cm high, submerged in the water. The head of liquid (36) produces 0.5 bar, which provides sufficient pressure drop across the filters for filtration. The membranes are open at the base, where filtered water is collected (17). Facilities for backwashing the filters are provided. INDEPENDENTS CLAIMS are given for: (1) the process of operating these immersed filtration cartridges; and (2) conversion of an old sand filter into an installation using membrane filters. |
