| 摘要 |
A process for the hydroformylation of a feed comprising compounds having a single ethylenically unsaturated group by reaction thereof in the liquid phase with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a) a source of palladium cations; b) a source of anions; c) a source of at least one bidentate ligands of the formula R<1>R<2>M<1>RM<2>R<3>R<4> wherein M<1> and M<2> independently represent a phosphorus, arsenic or antimony atom, R represents a bivalent bridging group containing from 1-4 atoms in the bridge, R<1> and R<2> independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, or together represent a bivalent substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group whereby the two free valencies are linked to M<1>, and R<3> and R<4> independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, or together represent a bivalent substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group whereby the two free valencies are linked to M<2>; and d) a source of halide chosen from the group of chloride, iodide and bromide and mixtures thereof; characterized in that the ethylenically unsaturated feed comprises one or more dienes and/or further multiply unsaturated alkenes to an amount of 0.005 - 5 wt% based on the total amount of ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the feed, and in that component b) of the catalyst system is a source of anions of an acid having a pKa value, measured in aqueous solution at 18 DEG C, of between -1 and 4. |
