| 摘要 |
A closed-cycle solid state refrigerator is disclosed that is capable of accurately and efficiently achieving extremely low temperatures. A second stage of the refrigerator comprises an evacuated chamber in which is disposed a solid state refrigerant that is connected by a first thermal valve to a first stage such as a cryostat and by a second thermal valve to a heat generating load that is to be cooled. The refrigerant consists of a polarizable electrocaloric material, the entropy of which can be substantially reduced by changing an electric field set up therein by a pair of electrodes disposed on opposite sides thereof. The refrigerant and the load are cooled by cycling the refrigerator through a given sequence of steps including opening and closing the thermal valves and changing the value of the applied electric field.
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