| 摘要 |
Methods and structures are provided for enhancing marine habitats for lobster and crab ranching. According to a first aspect of the invention, predators of at least adult lobster are excluded from a ranching area. According to a second aspect of the invention, the method includes arranging a plurality of artificial shelters in at least one zigzag hedgerow, preferably parallel to normally prevailing ocean currents. According to further aspects, the methods include providing artificial shelter for at least the large juvenile and adult lobster at a marine location; providing an artificial benthic habitat for benthic phase juvenile lobster within at the marine location; and/or providing a settlement and nursery habitat for early benthic phase juvenile lobster to the marine location. According to a still further aspect, the methods preferably include vertically integrating the artificial shelter, the artificial benthic habitat, and the settlement and settlement habitat. According to yet another aspect of the invention, the methods include capturing puerulus from the ocean; protecting the captured puerulus in a puerulus moult facility until at least the first instar moult into early benthic phase juveniles; and transplanting the juveniles to the marine location. The methods also include harvesting of the lobster or crab product. Predator-exclusion structures and building techniques are also provided. In addition, artificial calcareous cavern matrix is provided for nursery and benthic habitats. The various aspects of the methods are best used together to achieve a cumulative or synergistic enhancement of lobster populations at a marine location. Finally, suitable structures for practicing various aspects of the invention are provided. |
