| 摘要 |
This invention is a method, and apparatus for introducing a preselected molecule into a living cell by contacting the cell with the preselected molecule, and applying a multiple series of electrical pulses to the cell. T he method can be utilized ex vivo. The multiple electrical pulses generate rotating electric fields which introduce transient pores in the living cell without killing the cell. The rotating electric fields are provided in a flo w through chamber apparatus (100) having more than two electrodes (150). A thr ee step pulse process, e.g., collection, electroporation, electrophoresis, is used to introduce the preselected molecule into the cell. A mechanical means (710) of repositioning cells between successive pulses is also provided. The apparatus can also provide a means (540) to pulse cells at different temperatures, and then after pulsing, let the cells recover for a specified residence time at another temperature.
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