| 摘要 |
A process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system comprising: a) a source of palladium, platinum, or nickel cations; b) a source of anions, other than halide anions, such as unsubstituted alkyl sulfonic acids, aryl sulfonic acids, perfluorinated alkyl sulfonic acids, perfluorinated aryl sulfonic acids, boric acid derivatives or alkylated versions thereof; c) a source of at least one bidentate ligands of the formula R1R2M1RM2R3R4(I) wherein M1 and M2 independently represent a phosphorus, arsenic or antimony atom, R represents a bivalent bridging group containing from 1-4 atoms in the bridge, R1 and R2 together represent a bivalent cyclic group whereby the two.free valencies are linked to M1, and R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrocarbyl group, or together represent a bivalent cyclic group whereby the two free valencies are linked to M2; wherein said source of cations, anions, and ligands are selected to form a catalyst system having a solubility of at least 2x10-4 mole of the cation a) per liter of a liquid mixture comprising said ethylenically unsaturated compound and the hydroformylation products; and separating the hydroformylation products from the catalyst system in a solventless evaporative separator such as a falling film evaporator or a wiping film evaporator. |
