| 摘要 |
FIELD: detection of low fluxes of ionizing radiation from mobile and immobile, open and closed beta-, gamma- and neutron sources with use of ionization counters ( proportional or Geiger counters ) or scintillation detectors. SUBSTANCE: threshold q<SB>0</SB> is determined before start of test of objects in correspondence with probability of false operations specified by operator by tables for normal distribution, then average rate b of background counting for time t<SB>b</SB> and average rate n of counting of additive mixture of signal and background obtained for time t<SB>n</SB> of object presence in field of vision of detector. Later parameter η is found by processing of measurement results by formula <EMI ID=0.181 HE=9 WI=45 TI=CHI> which are compared with threshold q<SB>0</SB> to make decision on result of detection. If η > q<SB>0</SB> then decision on detection is taken, otherwise decision on failure to detect is taken. EFFECT: minimal detected signal decreased to level close to theoretical limit, achievement of greatest probability of detection with preset probability of false alarm. 1 tbl |
