| 摘要 |
Provided is a method of operating an electrode-based pump to pump a liquid, the method comprising periodically reversing the voltage polarity applied to the electrodes of the pump while maintaining a net flow of liquid in a desired direction. Further provided is an apparatus for pumping liquid with an electrode-based pump comprising: a channel of capillary dimensions; a pump comprising at least two electrodes inserted into the channel; a controller for controlling the voltages applied to the electrodes such that the pumps operate under a sequentially repeated pattern of polarity cycles, and such that over the period of the repeated pattern either (a) a first ratio of a voltage-integrated area (A1) associated with a first polarity to a voltage-integrated area (A2) associated with the other polarity or (b) a second ratio of a charge (q1) carried by the current associated with a first polarity to a charge (q2) carried by the current associated with the other polarity is between about 1:1/2 and about 1/2:1. Additionally provided are apparatuses and methods for electrophoresis.
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