| 摘要 |
A hydrocarbon production system comprises a topside installation (2) connected by an umbilical (3) to an underwater distribution unit (4) which is connected to Christmas trees (8, 9, 10) by jumper interconnects (11, 12, 13). Each Christmas tree may comprise an electrical actuator (14), a flow rate control choke (16), pressure and/or temperature transducers (18), downhole measurement transducers (18a) and/or a downhole safety valve (21). A high voltage transmission cable forms part of the umbilical (3) and provides electrical power to the unit (4) which comprises a step-down transformer. This transformer provides power at a voltage suitable for use by the electrical devices (14, 16, 21). Underwater controllers (5, 6, 7) associated with a particular Christmas tree (8, 9, 10) provide power and control of the devices (14, 16, 18, 18a, 21). Control and measurement data may be effected between the topside station and the Christmas trees by communication signals modulated onto the high voltage transmission cable, a low voltage transmission line or a communications line forming part of the umbilical. In further embodiments field buses may be used for data and power communication. |
