PARTICLES HAVING AN ATTACHED STABLE FREE RADICAL, POLYMERIZED MODIFIED PARTICLES, AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

摘要

A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having formula (I), wherein A represents an aromatic group or an alkyl group; R1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene group (i), (ii) or (iii), wherein R4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R2 and R3, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OR5, -NHR5, -NR5R5, or -SR5, wherein R5, which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical. Also disclosed is a modified particle or aggregate having attached a group having formula (II), wherein CoupA represents an Sicontaining group, a Ti-containing group, a Cr-containing group or a Zrcontaining group; R8 and R9, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, -OR10, -NHR10, -NR10R10, or -SR10, wherein R10 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; SFR represents a stable free radical; and n is an integer of from 1 to 3. A modified particle having an attached -SFR or -X-SFR is additionally disclosed. Also, modified particles with attached polymers are also disclosed as well as methods of making the modified particles.