| 摘要 |
Surface reactors for propellants operate with a copper/tin alloy and convert unsaturated hydrocarbons at low concentration into tin organics which are extremely highly ignitable and therefore act as ignition nuclei in the combustion of propellants. The device has a reactor vessel through which the propellant or fuel is conducted. The reactor vessel holds granular material having an oxide-free surface and disposed in a native or man-made medium preventing the oxidation of the granular material. The inlet and the outlet of the device lie in the same plane. The efficiency of the system is improved because incoming and outgoing propellant or fuel is brought into countercurrent heat exchange and, in addition, a heating system is provided which can be switched as required, with the result that the device for forming the desired ignition nuclei is operated in a favorable temperature range. The process includes forming the granular material in a tin alloy melt with a solution-activating alloying constituent, and then quenching it in an oxidation-preventing medium of the granular material so as to produce a particle size of up to 3 mm diameter and a large surface area. Alternatively, the melt from which the granules are formed may simply be cooled to form the granules. The granular material is not subject to aging with regard to its action as a metallic reaction partner in propellants and fuels, as a result of which the efficiency of the granular material is wholly maintained during its entire lifetime.
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