LOAD INDICATING FASTENER SYSTEMS METHOD AND APPARATUS

摘要

A fastener system (1) employs a portable sensing device (13) such as one or more reactance capacitors (15, 16) or an image processor such as a camera (34) or a laser, which removably attaches adjacent to the fastener to detect and measure the change in a gap or specialized form of the bolt head or associated washer (26, 27) caused by the relative movement of portions of the fastener system (1) when it is under strain without contacting the sensed portions undergoing the significant relative movement.