| 摘要 |
A high power switching apparatus comprises an annular cathode having a surface capable of emitting a hollow electron beam therefrom and an anode cavity spaced from said cathode. The cavity has an annular opening smaller in dimension than a corresponding internal dimension that defines the cavity to provide a Faraday cage collector of the hollow electron beam. A control electrode is disposed between the cathode and the anode cavity in a non-intercepting position relative to the hollow electron beam. The control electrode further comprises a first electrode element disposed outside of the hollow electron beam and a second electrode element disposed inside of the hollow electron beam. A controlling electric field region is provided between the first and second electrode elements for modulation of the hollow electron beam. Arc suppressing electrodes are also disposed between the control electrode and the anode. The arc suppressing electrodes are the same electric potential of the cathode. A voltage, positive with respect to the cathode, is applied to the control electrodes in order to draw the hollow electron beam from the emitting surface of the cathode and into the anode. The potential of the anode is generally positive with respect to the cathode, however, it need not be at a potential as high as that of the control electrodes especially when electrons are being drawn from the cathode.
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