| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to obtain an excellent gradation display characteristic by forming a distribution on a switching threshold value of a liquid crystal according to the distribution of a tilt angle of a liquid crystal layer. SOLUTION: The liquid crystal 13 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal that a liquid crystal molecule is a non-spiral oriented state and shows at least two optical stable states, and when its tilt angle is defined asΘ, and an apparent tilt angle asθa, to have the relation ofΘ>θa>Θ/2 is preferred. A component prescription of a composition showing a chiral smetic phase used for the liquid crystal 13 is adjusted, and the tilt angle of a smetic liquid crystal layer is distributed within the prescribed range, preferably within the range of -6 deg.-+6 deg., within the range of an area of at least a pixel of a liquid crystal element 1. Then, the distribution is formed in the threshold value of the voltage causing the switching between two states of the liquid crystal 13 showing the chiral smetic phase according to the distribution of the tilt angle of the layer in one pixel of the liquid crystal element 1, and a halftone display is performed using this.
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